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    • The History of the Bible Series >
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        • Lesson 22 Hebrews 10:32-39 Joy in Sufferings
        • Lesson 23 Hebrews 11:1 What is Faith?
        • Lesson 24 Hebrews 11:2-3 Faith and the Unseen
        • Lesson 25 Hebrews 11:4-7 By Faith...Abel, Enoch, Noah,
        • Lesson 26 Hebrews 11:8-16 By Faith...Abraham
        • Lesson 27 Hebrews 11:17-19 By Faith...Abraham Offered Isaac
        • Lesson 28 Hebrews 11:20-22 By Faith...Isaac, Jacob, Joseph
        • Lesson 29 Hebrews 11:23-26 By Faith...Moses
        • Lesson 30 Hebrews 11:27-29 By Faith...Moses part 2
      • The Book of Hebrews Lessons 31-40 >
        • Lesson 31 Hebrews 11:30-32 The Courage of Faith part 1
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        • Lesson 37 Hebrews 12:18-29 The Comparison of Two Covenants (part 1)
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4th Century Jerome's Latin Vulgate


Picture
​he Roman Empire, by the end of the 4th Century, had exchanged their universal language from Greek to Latin. Thus, Eusebius Hieronymus Sophronius, also known as Jerome, ventured to translate the Greek Bible to the same. Unfortunately, the original Greek language of the Holy Scriptures was all but lost in the western world, and the Latin Vulgate was deemed the Divine language of the Gospel; to the extreme that anyone who read or translated the Bible from anything but the Latin was regarded a heretic and convicted to the scaffold.
                Jerome was born in northern Italy in 345AD. When he was 29, he had a dream that said, “You are a follower of Cicero, not of Christ.” Therefore, for the next three years he committed himself to isolation, living in a cave in the Syrian desert, studying and transcribing the Scriptures. Already fluent in Greek, for that was still a common language in Rome, he learned and mastered Hebrew, the language of the Old Testament.
                Before Jerome’s translation, some early translations appeared, but they were poor in quality and did not agree with each other. Thus, Jerome, seeing the errors beginning to increase, wrote a letter to the pope at that time, Pope Damasus. Jerome explained the problem and proposed a solution: “If we are to pin our faith to the Latin texts, it is for our opponents to tell us which; for there are almost as many forms of texts as there are copies. If, on the other hand, we are to glean the truth from a comparison of many, why not go back to the original Greek and correct the mistakes introduced by inaccurate translators, and the blundering alterations of confident but ignorant critics, and, further, all that has been inserted or changed by copyists more asleep than awake?” Damasus responded, and agreed that Jerome produce a new Latin translation of the Bible, one that would throw out the inaccuracies of the recent attempts, and unite the Western church under one uniform Latin translation.

Picture1225 AD Latin Vulgate
                Jerome began his work in 382AD. Pope Damasus died in 384 and Jerome moved from Rome to Bethlehem. He used the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Old Testament, but having a knowledge of Hebrew, and living in the Holy Land, he consulted Jewish rabbis and translated the Latin Vulgate from the original Hebrew. After 23 years he finished his translation in 405. During these 23 years, Jerome also wrote volumes of commentaries on the Scriptures and participated in debates and conversations of the day. 
                Sadly, through the ages, the text of the Vulgate became corrupt, full of the traditions of men, and the Catholic Church; not interested in the Truth of the Gospel, but for power and wealth, was unfortunately distorted and corrupt.
      However, I believe the original translation of Jerome, from Greek to Latin, was a pure translation, produced out of the same heart as Martin Luther and William Tyndale; to bring the Bible to the people in their common language.

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Book of Matthew 5th Century Manuscript Jerome's Latin Vulgate
Next Chapter...The Dark Ages
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  • Home
  • Historical Bible Exhibit
    • Exhibit >
      • History of the Bible Map
      • Old Testament Chronology >
        • Dead Sea Scrolls
        • The Masoretic Text
        • Johannes Reuchlin
      • The New Testament: The Word is Made Flesh >
        • The Gnostics >
          • The Alexandrian Codices
          • The Hidden Fingerprints of God
          • Comparison of the New Testament with Secular Documents
        • Byzantine Manuscripts
      • Jerome's Latin Vulgate
      • The Dark Ages >
        • The Holy Roman Empire
        • The Thread of the Truth Remains
        • John Foxe's Account of Christianity during the Dark Ages
        • Peter Waldo and the Waldensians
      • 1382 The Wycliffe Bible
      • The Gutenberg Bible
      • Erasmus Greek New Testament >
        • Johannine Comma
        • Textus Receptus
      • Martin Luther >
        • Martin Luther- The Early Years
        • Martin Luther- The Monk of Erfurt
        • Martin Luther- The Truth Revealed
        • Martin Luther's Salvation
        • Martin Luther- Preaches at Wittemberg
        • Martin Luther Attacks the Traditions of the Catholic Church
        • Martin Luther- Response to Luther's 95 Theses
        • Martin Luther- The Elector Fedrick's Prophetic Dream of Theses
        • Martin Luther- The Reformation Commences
        • Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon
        • Martin Luther Pressure Ensues from the Catholic Church
        • Martin Luther- The Diet of Worms
        • Martin Luther's German New Testament
        • Martin Luther's 1534 Complete German Bible
      • French Translations
      • Strasbourg Greek New Testament 1524
      • William Tyndale >
        • William Tyndale- The Early Years
        • William Tyndale- Translating the Scriptures
        • William Tyndale- The New Testament Comes to England
        • William Tyndale- Persecution for the Words Sake
        • William Tyndale- The Arrest and Martydom of Tyndale
      • Ulrich Zwingli and the 1531 Zurich Bible
      • 1535 Coverdale Bible
      • 1537 Matthews Bible
      • 1539 Great Bible
      • 1550 Stephanus Bible
      • Geneva Bible >
        • 1557 Geneva New Testament
        • 1560 Geneva Bible
      • 1568 Bishops Bible
      • 1611 King James Bible
      • Conclusion
  • Books of Truth
    • Historical Bibles Online >
      • 1519 Erasmus Novum Testamentum >
        • 1519 Erasmus Novum Testamentum Exhibit
        • 1519 Erasmus Novum Testamentum PDF Downloads & Digital Ebook
      • 1535 Coverdale Bible >
        • 1535 Coverdale Bible Exhibit
        • 1535 Coverdale Bible Digital Ebook
      • 1538 Coverdale Newe Testament
      • 1546 Stephanus Greek New Testament >
        • 1546 Stephanus Greek New Testament Exhibit
        • 1546 Stephanus PDF Downloads and Digital Ebook
      • 1550 Stephanus Greek New Testament Digital Ebook >
        • 1550 Stephanus Greek New Testament Exhibit
        • 1550 Stephanus Digital Ebook
      • 1560 Geneva Bible Exhibit
      • 1569 Geneva Bible Exhibit
      • 1611 King James He Bible, 1st issue 1611 Exhibit
      • 1611 King James Bible, 3rd issue 1617 PDF Downloads and Ebook >
        • 1611 King James Bible, 3rd issue 1617 Exhibit
        • 1611 King James Bible, 3rd issue 1617 PDF Downloads and Ebook
      • 1611 King James Bible, 4th issue 1634 Exhibit
      • 1612 King James Bible She H314 Exhibit
      • 1613 King James Bible True 2nd ed H322 Exhibit
      • 1613 King James Bible Quarto Exhibit
      • 1619 King James Bible- Digital Ebook >
        • 1619 King James Bible Digital Ebook
      • 1841 English Hexapla Exhibit
    • Antiquarian Books FOR SALE >
      • Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam >
        • 1519 Erasmus Greek New Testament
        • 1522 Erasmus New Testament Paraphrase
        • 1523 Erasmus Luke Paraphrase
        • 1523 Erasmus Evangelium Joannem
      • Martin Luther >
        • 1525 Luther De Servo Arbitrio
        • 1610 German Biblical Concordance
        • 1773 Martin Luther Psalter, Saur
      • Robert Stephanus
      • Robert Estienne (Stephanus) >
        • 1550 Stephanus Greek New Testament
        • 1600 Stephanus Greek Condordance
      • Geneva "Breeches" Bibles >
        • 1594 Geneva Bible
        • 1598 Geneva Bible
        • 1610 Geneva Folio Bible
        • 1613 Geneva Bible
      • King James Bibles FOR SALE
      • King James Bibles >
        • 1613 King James Bible- First Black Letter Quarto Edition
        • 1661 King James Bible Cambridge John Field
        • 1668-1666 King James Bible
        • 1649 King James Bible
        • 1769 Baskerville Bible
      • Other Bible Translations >
        • 1685 Bedell Irish Old Testament Bible
        • 1827 Bedell Irish Bible Complete with New Testament
        • 1657 Biblia Hebraica-Novum Testamentum Graece
      • Ecclesiastical History and Theology >
        • 1554 Josephus
        • 1823 The Genuine Works of Josephus
        • 1566 Bede Ecclesiastical History
        • 1722 Bede Ecclesiastical History
        • 1644 History of the Sottish Reformation and the Life and Death of John Knox
        • 1677 Cornelii Jansenii Pentateuch Commentary
        • 1709 Rules and Decrees of the Council of Trent
        • 1714 Tables of the Popes of Rome
    • 1611 King James Bible Leaf 4th Issue 1634
    • 1550 Stephanus Bible Leaves >
      • 1550 Stephanus Bible Leaves- You Choose
      • 1550 Stephanus Title Page Leaves >
        • 1550 Stephanus Gospel of Matthew
        • 1550 Stephanus Gospel of Mark
        • 1550 Stephanus Gospel of Luke
        • 1550 Stephanus Greek New Testament Bible Leaf - Gospel of John
        • 1550 Stephanus Acts
        • 1550 Stephanus Romans
        • 1550 Stephanus 1 Corinthians
        • 1550 Stephanus 2 Corinthians
        • 1550 Stephanus Galatians
        • 1550 Stephanus Ephesians
        • 1550 Stephanus Philippians
        • 1550 Stephanus Colossians
        • 1550 Stephanus 1 Thessalonians
        • 1550 Stephanus 2 Thessalonians
        • 1550 Stephanus 1 Timothy
        • 1550 Stephanus 2 Timothy
        • 1550 Stephanus Titus
        • 1550 Stephanus Philemon
        • 1550 Stephanus Hebrews
        • 1550 Stephanus James
        • 1550 Stephanus 1 Peter
        • 1550 Stephanus 2 Peter
        • 1550 Stephanus 1 John
        • 1550 Stephanus 2nd-3rd John
        • 1550 Stephanus Jude
        • 1550 Stephanus Revelation
    • 1582 Geneva Bible Leaves
    • Books by Zack Rosiere >
      • The Truth of Jesus Christ- A harmony of the gospels
      • The Principles of Justification
      • The Principles of Sanctification
      • The History of the Bible
      • The Truth of First John
  • Lessons
    • The History of the Bible Series >
      • 01 History of the Bible intro
      • 02 History of the Bible Preface Philip Melanchthon
      • 03 History of the Bible Intro to Old Testament
      • 04 History of the Bible Old Testament Books (part 1 of 4) Books of Moses
      • 05 History of the Bible Old Testament Books (part 2 of 4) Joshua - Ecclesiastes
      • 06 History of the Bible Old Testament Books (part 3 of 4) Obadiah - Habakkuk
      • 07 History of the Bible Old Testament Books (part 4 of 5) Babylonian Captivity
    • The Book of Hebrews Series >
      • The Book of Hebrews Lessons 1-10 >
        • Lesson 1 Hebrews Opening Lesson
        • Lesson 2 Hebrews 1:1-3
        • Lesson 3 Hebrews 1:4-14
        • Lesson 4 Hebrews 2:1-4
        • Lesson 5 Hebrews 2:5-18
        • Lesson 6 Hebrews 3:1-9
      • The Book of Hebrews Lessons 21-30 >
        • Lesson 21 Hebrews 10:26-31 Apostacy
        • Lesson 22 Hebrews 10:32-39 Joy in Sufferings
        • Lesson 23 Hebrews 11:1 What is Faith?
        • Lesson 24 Hebrews 11:2-3 Faith and the Unseen
        • Lesson 25 Hebrews 11:4-7 By Faith...Abel, Enoch, Noah,
        • Lesson 26 Hebrews 11:8-16 By Faith...Abraham
        • Lesson 27 Hebrews 11:17-19 By Faith...Abraham Offered Isaac
        • Lesson 28 Hebrews 11:20-22 By Faith...Isaac, Jacob, Joseph
        • Lesson 29 Hebrews 11:23-26 By Faith...Moses
        • Lesson 30 Hebrews 11:27-29 By Faith...Moses part 2
      • The Book of Hebrews Lessons 31-40 >
        • Lesson 31 Hebrews 11:30-32 The Courage of Faith part 1
        • Lesson 32 Hebrews 11:33-40 The Courage of Faith part 2
        • Lesson 33 Hebrews 12:1-4 The Endurance of Believing
        • Lesson 34 Hebrews 12:3-11 The Father’s Loving Hand of Correction (part 1)
        • Lesson 35 Hebrews 12:5-11 The Father’s Loving Hand of Correction (part 2)
        • Lesson 36 Hebrews 12:12-17 The Exhortation to Pursue Peace and Holiness
        • Lesson 37 Hebrews 12:18-29 The Comparison of Two Covenants (part 1)
        • Lesson 38 Hebrews 12:18-29 The Comparison of Two Covenants (part 2)
        • Lesson 39 Hebrews 13:1-6- Remaining Steadfast in the love of the Brethren in Christ (part 1)
    • 09-15-19 Eternal Family in Christ
    • 09-22-19 Eternal Family in Christ
    • 11-17-19 The Life and Happenings of the Apostle John
  • Study topics
    • The Study of Acts >
      • Expositional study of the book of Acts
      • Chronological table of the Early Church
      • Cross Reference Topic Guide of Paul's Epistles >
        • Galatians Cross reference topic guide
        • Ephesians Cross reference topic guide
        • Philippians Cross reference topic guide
        • Colossians Cross reference topic guide
        • Romans Cross reference topic guide
    • Sanctification of the Soul
    • The Bride of Chirst
    • The Name above every Name
    • Healing and Reconciliation
    • Three Days and Three Nights
  • Resources
    • Old Testament Chronology Spreadsheet
    • Charts and Maps >
      • Maps of Paul's journeys
      • Maps of the travels of Jesus in Ancient Palestine
      • the bible reading plan
    • 1611 King James Biblical Tract
    • Recommened Books
    • Rick Rosiere- Delighting in Gods Word
    • James Tissot paintings of Jesus >
      • List of Tissot paintings
      • Tissot gallery
    • John Piper- Desiring God
  • Blog
  • Contact